Amorphous solid dispersions

A drug dispersed in a polymer in the amorphous state to raise dissolution rate and supersaturation.

This wiki reads 207 papers from Lynne Taylor's group, 1997 to 2026, and joins them into findings. Every statement leads back to its paper. It reflects one group's work: as its last conclusion states, animal data cover three drugs and no human dispersion.

The map

The categories follow one amorphous drug from the solid to the membrane.

Step 1

Solid state stability

Whether the drug stays amorphous: neat class, polymer, miscibility, water.

56 papers

Whole category: 12 findings across its chapters →

Crystallization tendencyHow readily a neat drug crystallizes from its undercooled melt, its glass or a rapidly dried solution, and why.9 papers · 21 findings Miscibility and drug-polymer interactionsHow a drug and a polymer interact and whether they mix.14 papers · 26 findings PEG dispersionsDrugs dispersed in a semicrystalline carrier, polyethylene glycol (PEG 3350) or poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO, molecular weight about 100000).4 papers · 12 findings Physical stabilityWhether an amorphous drug dispersed in a polymer stays amorphous on storage, and why.29 papers · 35 findings

Step 2

ASD process

How the route sets phase state, residual crystals and degradation.

21 papers

ASD processHow the way an amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) is made sets its structure and performance.21 papers · 49 findings

Step 3

Characterization methods

Which method sees crystals, domains and drug-rich phases, and what it misses.

14 papers

Whole category: 7 findings across its chapters →

Solid-state methodsHow to see what a solid drug sample contains and what misleads.10 papers · 20 findings Solution methodsHow to see what a supersaturated drug solution contains, and what misleads.4 papers · 13 findings

Step 4

Dissolution

Release, the amorphous solubility as ceiling, and loss of supersaturation.

91 papers

Whole category: 12 findings across its chapters →

C. Amorphous solubility and LLPSHow much drug an aqueous solution can hold before a second, drug-rich phase separates.12 papers · 23 findings D. Crystallization from solutionHow a drug crystallizes from a supersaturated aqueous solution and what dissolved additives and media do to it.28 papers · 44 findings B. Supersaturation from ASD dissolutionWhat happens to the supersaturation that a neat amorphous drug or an amorphous solid dispersion produces when it dissolves under non-sink conditions.22 papers · 29 findings A. Release mechanism and LoCHow an amorphous solid dispersion releases its drug.29 papers · 35 findings

Step 5

Bioperformance

Flux at the ceiling, absorptive tests, residual crystals, animals.

18 papers

BioperformanceHow an amorphous dispersion or supersaturated solution performs as a source of drug for absorption.18 papers · 32 findings

Side branch: a second carrier

Mesoporous silica

A second carrier that adsorbs drug and stays below the ceiling.

5 papers

Mesoporous silicaDrug-loaded ordered mesoporous silica as a carrier for supersaturating oral delivery.5 papers · 15 findings

Side branch: a peptide

Peptide permeability

A peptide and an enhancer released from copovidone or a minitablet.

2 papers

Peptide permeabilityHow a solid oral dosage form releases a therapeutic peptide together with a permeation enhancer.2 papers · 6 findings